James Duane was an American Founding Father, attorney, jurist, and American Revolutionary leader from New York. He served as a delegate to the First Continental Congress, the Second Continental Congress and the Congress of the Confederation, a New York state senator, the 45th Mayor of New York City, the 1st post-colonial Mayor of New York City and a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of New York. Duane was a signatory of the Continental Association and the Articles of Confederation.
George Washington writes to James Duane from Middlebrook in 1779, explaining that the exchange of nonmilitary prisoners falls under the jurisdiction of individual states rather than the Continental Army. He clarifies the division of authority to ensure proper handling of prisoner exchanges during the Revolutionary War.
Alexander Hamilton writes to James Duane explaining that he lost the apple Duane sent before General Washington could see it, and that others dismissed it as a common crab-apple. Despite their teasing, Hamilton requests another apple to ensure it reaches the General, conveying warm regards from Washington and his family.
Alexander Hamilton informs James Duane that Count D’Estaing has arrived off the coast of Georgia and plans to attack British forces there, alleviating Hamilton’s fears for the Southern States. He expresses concern over Cornwallis’s recent troop movements, interpreting them as preparations for a significant British assault on Charlestown. Hamilton conveys this intelligence to update Duane on the shifting military situation.
Alexander Hamilton urges James Duane to persuade Congress to swiftly approve a critical military measure proposed by General Washington, emphasizing the urgency due to an impending arrival of reinforcements in June. He stresses the need for rapid preparations, including troop mobilization and supply organization, and advises limiting the committee’s involvement to essential consultations to maintain operational efficiency. Hamilton also notes the Marquis de Lafayette’s importance but cautions against indulging his personal preferences.
George Washington proposes forming a small committee with full authority to coordinate cooperation with the French fleet and army, rather than relying on Congress. He believes successful collaboration could secure American independence. Washington suggests Philip Schuyler, Robert R. Livingston, and James Duane as members of this committee.
Alexander Hamilton requests James Duane's support for Dr. McHenry, a longtime military aide seeking a formal commission as a Major due to his service and merit. Hamilton emphasizes McHenry's qualifications and their personal connection, urging Duane to assist him out of justice and friendship. He also briefly reports on recent military movements near New York and Bergen.
Alexander Hamilton criticizes General Gates for his poor military strategy in a recent defeat, blaming Gates' misplaced trust in militia and flawed troop placements for the loss. Hamilton, personally hostile to Gates, argues that a better arrangement of forces would have secured a victory. He calls for a change in the American military system based on this failure.
Alexander Hamilton informs James Duane that the definitive treaty is not yet in New York, but orders for British evacuation and troop movements are underway, with completion expected after September. He notes growing alarm over recent indictments in the state and increasing emigration among citizens. Hamilton also requests Duane to settle a small unpaid tavern bill in Princeton on his behalf.
Alexander Hamilton writes to James Duane seeking details about a 40,000-acre tract in Tryon County that is mortgaged to Abel James. He aims to clarify the status and ownership of the land. The inquiry reflects post-Revolutionary War concerns over property and financial arrangements.