Letter

John Jay to Gouverneur Morris, 29 April 1778

Albany Ap. 29. 1778

D r . Morris

My last to you was written ab t a Week ago–€” 1 I am now engaged in the most disagreable part of my Duty–€”trying Criminals–€” 2 They multiply exceedingly. Robberies become Frequent. The Woods afford them Shelter & the Tories Food. Punishments must of Course become certain, & Mercy dormant–€”a harsh System repugnant to my Feelings, but nevertheless necessary. In such Circumstances Lenity would be Cruelty, & Severity is found on the Side of Humanity.

The Influence of Lord Norths Conciliatory Plan is happily counterbalanced by the Intelligence from France, & will There was danger of its creating Division A Desire of Peace is natural to an harrassed People & the Mass of Mankind prefer present Ease to the arduous Exertions often necessary to ensure permanent Tranquility.

What the french Treaty may be I know not. If Britain w d . acknowledge our Independence & enter into a liberal Alliance with us, I sh d . prefer a Connection with her, to any ^ League with any ^ Power on Earth. Whether those Objects be attainable Experience only can determine. I suspect the Com rs will have Instructions to exceed their Powers if necessary. 3 Peace at all Events is in my opinion the Wish of the Minister. If they will consent to ^ and actually ^ withdraw their Armies and give us a two Years Truce, I would boast ^ I hope the present favorable aspect of our Affairs will neither make us ^ arrogant or careless–€” Moderation in Prosperity marks great Minds & denotes a generous People–€” The ^ Your ^ game is now in a delicate Situation & the least bad Play may ruin it–€” I ^ view a Return to the Domination of Britain with Horror, & ^ would risque all for Independence but that Point ceded, I would give them advantageous commercial Terms The Destruction of old England would hurt me. I wish it well, it afforded my Ancestors an Assylum from Persecution.

Our Parties ^ here ^ are still in a Ferment, I hope it will be the Means of purging off much Scum & Dross. I cant be particular–€” This Letter may never reach You

I expect in a few Days to see Gen. Schuyler and my Importunities shall not be wanting to urge him to join you without Delay–€” The People grow more reconciled to him

The military Departments here I believe are well managed The Commissary deserves Credit–€” Handsome Things are said of the Quarter Master–€”and there is one [ illegible ] at the Head of the Artillery who appears to me to have much Merit–€” 4 The Park, Elaboratory, and Stores are in high Order–€” There is the appearance of Regularity ^ Care ^ and Attention in all the public Works–€” As to the Hospital I can say little not being as yet well informed. Conway ^ is pleased with Schuyler & ^ manages the Vermont Troop properly, but of this say nothing. I fancy he does not well understand the Views of his Patron: 5 neither of them ought to know this.

The Clothier General once the Duke of Boltons Butler is an anti Washington–€” An ignorant Butcher is issuing Commissary–€” 6 Let me again hint to you the Propriety of restraining the Stafffrom Trade–€” Besides general Reasons there are particular ones–€” Many good Cannon remain yet at Ticonderogah–€”strange Neglect–€” Remember Vermont–€” Why do the marine Com[mitte]e keep Tudor in Pay, I cant hear that he does anything for it 7 I am and will be your Friend

John Jay