Hugh McCulloch was an American financier who played a central role in financing the American Civil War. He served two non-consecutive terms as U.S. Treasury Secretary under three presidents. He was originally opposed to the creation of a system of national banks, but his reputation as head of the Bank of Indiana from 1857 to 1863 persuaded the Treasury to bring him in to supervise the new system as Comptroller of the Currency from 1863 to 1865. As Secretary of the Treasury from 1865 to 1869 he reduced and funded the gigantic Civil War debt of the Union, and reestablished the federal taxation system across the former Confederate States of America. He tried but failed to make a rapid return to the gold standard.
[Untitled] Treasury Department, January 23, 1866. Dear Sir: Enclosed I hand you a copy of a letter just received from William James, collector of internal revenue at Richmond, Va., and…
[Inclosure 1.] circular relating to chinese persons coming to the united states. Treasury Department, Office of the Secretary, Washington, D. C., December 6, 1884. To Officers of the Customs and…
[Inclosure 2.] circular—chinese persons coming to the united states. Office of the Secretary, Treasury Department, Washington, D. C., January 14, 1885. To Officers of the Customs and others: The following…